From Pocket to Wrist
Before the 20th century, pocket watches were the norm, carried in waistcoat pockets and attached by chains. Wristwatches were initially seen as feminine accessories worn mostly by women, while men stuck to pocket watches for formality and tradition. This began to change during World War I, when soldiers realized the practicality of strapping a watch to their wrist for quick time checks in the field. Function began to outweigh fashion, and the wristwatch gradually became the standard for both men and women.
The Rise of Mechanical Excellence
In the early to mid-20th century, watchmaking evolved into a blend of engineering and artistry. Swiss brands like Rolex, Omega, and Patek Philippe perfected their mechanical movements, creating watches that were not only precise but also beautifully crafted. Watches became status symbols, worn by explorers, pilots, and professionals who valued both style and function. Complications such as chronographs, moon phases, and perpetual calendars emerged, demonstrating the technical mastery of watchmakers.
The Quartz Revolution
The 1970s brought the “Quartz Crisis,” when Japanese brands like Seiko introduced battery-powered quartz watches that were more accurate, affordable, and low-maintenance than traditional mechanical ones. This shook the Swiss watch industry, forcing many historic brands to adapt or face closure. While quartz technology dominated the market for a time, it also sparked a renewed appreciation for the artistry of mechanical watchmaking, leading to a resurgence in the luxury sector during the 1980s and 1990s.
Modern Watchmaking
Today’s watch industry offers the best of both worlds: traditional mechanical masterpieces and cutting-edge quartz or hybrid smartwatches. Materials like ceramic, carbon fiber, and titanium have expanded design possibilities, while innovations in movements continue to push accuracy and durability. Collectors still value heritage brands for their craftsmanship, but there’s also a growing market for microbrands offering unique designs and value-driven propositions. The watch has evolved from a purely functional tool to a personal style statement, and in many cases, an heirloom.
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